Tennessee Water Quality Report

Tap water quality data for 12 cities in Tennessee, updated 2026.

Avg. Hardness: 130 ppm (Hard)3 cities with violationsAll cities below EPA lead limit
Avg. Hardness
130 ppm
Hard

US average: 100 ppm

Violations (3yr)
29
4 health-based

9 of 12 cities violation-free

Lead Compliance
100%
Below EPA Limit

12 cities tested

Water Source
Surface Water
92% of systems

12 water systems tracked

Water Hardness Across Tennessee

Soft
3 (30%)
Moderate
1 (10%)
Hard
2 (20%)
Very Hard
4 (40%)
Hardest: Cleveland (238 ppm)Softest: Maryville (5.1 ppm)

Not sure what your hardness means? Use our Water Hardness Calculator or find the best hardness test kits.

Tennessee Tap Water: What You Need to Know

Tennessee has 12 tracked water utilities serving approximately 3.8M residents. The average water hardness is 130 ppm (7.6 GPG), classified as Hardabove the national average of 100 ppm. Hardness ranges from 5.1 ppm in Maryville to 238 ppm in Cleveland.

In the past 3 years, 3 of 12 cities in Tennessee have recorded water quality violations, totaling 29 violations (4 health-based). All 12 tested cities have lead levels below the EPA action level of 15 ppb.

With hard water on average, many Tennessee residents may notice mineral buildup on fixtures, dry skin, or stiff-feeling hair. A shower filter for hard water can help reduce chlorine exposure, while a water softener addresses the mineral buildup directly.

Frequently Asked Questions About Tennessee Water

Is tap water safe to drink in Tennessee?

Most tap water in Tennessee meets EPA standards, but 3 cities have recorded violations in the past 3 years (4 health-based). We recommend checking your specific city's report on TapWater.org and considering a home water test.

How hard is the water in Tennessee?

Tennessee's average water hardness is 130 ppm (7.6 GPG), classified as Hard. This is above the national average of 100 ppm. Hardness varies significantly by city — use our Water Hardness Calculator to check your specific area.

Which city in Tennessee has the cleanest tap water?

Based on EPA violation data, lead testing, and water quality metrics, Memphis ranks as having the cleanest tap water in Tennessee. It has zero violations in the past 3 years and lead levels well below the EPA action level.

Which city in Tennessee has the most water quality issues?

Knoxville currently has the most water quality concerns in Tennessee, with 16 violations in the past 3 years. Residents should check their city's detailed water quality report and consider using a certified water filter.

Where does Tennessee get its water from?

The majority of Tennessee's water systems (92%) use surface water as their primary source. Surface water comes from rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Each city's specific source can vary — check individual city reports for details.