Texas Water Quality Report

Tap water quality data for 43 cities in Texas, updated 2026.

Avg. Hardness: 224 ppm (Very Hard)10 cities with violationsAll cities below EPA lead limit
Avg. Hardness
224 ppm
Very Hard

US average: 100 ppm

Violations (3yr)
70
30 health-based

33 of 43 cities violation-free

Lead Compliance
100%
Below EPA Limit

43 cities tested

Water Source
Surface Water
95% of systems

43 water systems tracked

Water Hardness Across Texas

Soft
1 (3%)
Moderate
12 (31%)
Hard
9 (23%)
Very Hard
17 (44%)
Hardest: Wichita Falls (1190 ppm)Softest: Tyler (47.7 ppm)

Not sure what your hardness means? Use our Water Hardness Calculator or find the best hardness test kits.

Texas Tap Water: What You Need to Know

Texas has 43 tracked water utilities serving approximately 14.9M residents. The average water hardness is 224 ppm (13.1 GPG), classified as Very Hardabove the national average of 100 ppm. Hardness ranges from 47.7 ppm in Tyler to 1190 ppm in Wichita Falls.

In the past 3 years, 10 of 43 cities in Texas have recorded water quality violations, totaling 70 violations (30 health-based). All 43 tested cities have lead levels below the EPA action level of 15 ppb.

With very hard water on average, many Texas residents may notice mineral buildup on fixtures, dry skin, or stiff-feeling hair. A shower filter for hard water can help reduce chlorine exposure, while a water softener addresses the mineral buildup directly.

Frequently Asked Questions About Texas Water

Is tap water safe to drink in Texas?

Most tap water in Texas meets EPA standards, but 10 cities have recorded violations in the past 3 years (30 health-based). We recommend checking your specific city's report on TapWater.org and considering a home water test.

How hard is the water in Texas?

Texas's average water hardness is 224 ppm (13.1 GPG), classified as Very Hard. This is above the national average of 100 ppm. Hardness varies significantly by city — use our Water Hardness Calculator to check your specific area.

Which city in Texas has the cleanest tap water?

Based on EPA violation data, lead testing, and water quality metrics, San Antonio ranks as having the cleanest tap water in Texas. It has zero violations in the past 3 years and lead levels well below the EPA action level.

Which city in Texas has the most water quality issues?

Laredo currently has the most water quality concerns in Texas, with 17 violations in the past 3 years. Residents should check their city's detailed water quality report and consider using a certified water filter.

Where does Texas get its water from?

The majority of Texas's water systems (95%) use surface water as their primary source. Surface water comes from rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Each city's specific source can vary — check individual city reports for details.

All 43 Cities

Sorted by population served

Houston

Utility serves 2.2M

Hardness71.9 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations4 (3yr)

San Antonio

Utility serves 2.1M

Hardness314 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Dallas

Utility serves 1.4M

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Austin

Utility serves 1.1M

Hardness322.5 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Fort Worth

Utility serves 956K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

El Paso

Utility serves 748K

Hardness207 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations12 (3yr)

Arlington

Utility serves 405K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Corpus Christi

Utility serves 318K

LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Plano

Utility serves 292K

Hardness105 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Lubbock

Utility serves 275K

Hardness674 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Irving

Utility serves 265K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Laredo

Utility serves 260K

LeadBelow limit
Violations17 (3yr)

Garland

Utility serves 249K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Frisco

Utility serves 232K

Hardness105 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Mckinney

Utility serves 224K

Hardness105 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Grand Prairie

Utility serves 202K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Amarillo Municipal

Utility serves 201K

Hardness540.5 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Brownsville

Utility serves 201K

Hardness372.5 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Mcallen

Utility serves 190K

LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

North Alamo

Utility serves 171K

LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Midland

Utility serves 157K

Hardness202 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations8 (3yr)

Mesquite

Utility serves 152K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations4 (3yr)

Pasadena

Utility serves 152K

Hardness71.9 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Killeen

Utility serves 151K

Hardness220 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Denton

Utility serves 150K

Hardness111 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Waco

Utility serves 146K

Hardness220 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Lewisville

Utility serves 141K

Hardness111 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Carrollton

Utility serves 136K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Georgetown

Utility serves 134K

Hardness258 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations3 (3yr)

Round Rock

Utility serves 131K

Hardness258 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

League City

Utility serves 128K

Hardness71.9 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Pearland

Utility serves 126K

Hardness71.9 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Abilene

Utility serves 125K

Hardness574.6 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Odessa

Utility serves 123K

Hardness202 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Richardson

Utility serves 123K

Hardness135 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

New Braunfels

Utility serves 116K

Hardness293 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations4 (3yr)

Beaumont

Utility serves 115K

Hardness256 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Mustang Sud

Utility serves 111K

Hardness111 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations5 (3yr)

Tyler

Utility serves 107K

Hardness47.7 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations5 (3yr)

San Angelo

Utility serves 105K

Hardness271 ppm
LeadBelow limit
Violations8 (3yr)

Allen

Utility serves 105K

Hardness105 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

College Station

Utility serves 104K

Hardness66 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone

Wichita Falls

Utility serves 102K

Hardness1190 ppm
LeadBelow limit
ViolationsNone